{"id":24014,"date":"2015-11-05T17:54:06","date_gmt":"2015-11-05T08:54:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.apinitiative.org\/project\/japans-moderate-conservatism\/"},"modified":"2021-08-07T20:09:56","modified_gmt":"2021-08-07T11:09:56","slug":"japans-moderate-conservatism","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/apinitiative.org\/en\/project\/japans-moderate-conservatism\/","title":{"rendered":"Historical Review of Moderate Conservatism in Japan"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Project Overview<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/a>In October 2014, RJIF launched the \u201cHistorical Review of Moderate Conservatism in Japan\u201d as the latest iteration of its \u201cCritical Review of the DPJ Government\u201d<\/a> project.<\/p>\n

The Review is timely. November 2015 marked the 60th anniversary of the establishment of Japan\u2019s Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). \u201cModerate Conservatism\u201d, that characterized the LDP after World War II, began a decline in the 1990s during the Koizumi era and is being more pronounced during the second Abe administration. The LDP is now changing and drifting from its traditional role as the \u201cnational political party.\u201d<\/p>\n

This project therefore aims to critically examine how political party democracy and \u201cModerate Conservatism\u201d in Japan have shifted during these years. Our goal is to offer practical suggestions that will contribute to the revitalization of \u201cModerate Conservatism\u201d necessary for Japan\u2019s future.<\/p>\n

We gathered a team of leading academic experts in Japan and overseas to serve as authors for the project\u2019s final publication. The team interviewed twenty key individuals that played major roles in the LDP and had significant influence during these transitional years away from \u201cModerate Conservatism\u201d. Interviewees include former Prime Ministers, Cabinet members, LDP leaders and bureaucrats. The interviews reflected a broad array of subjects \u2013 their political beliefs, behind-the-scenes politics, opinions regarding the future of Japanese policy and more. The output, entitled \u201cThe decline of Postwar Moderate Conservatism in Japan\u201d was published in Japan from Kadokawa-Shinsho on November 15, 2015.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Interviewees:<\/h2>\n

Hearings: Held from January 7th 2014 to August 10th 2015
\nTitles: as of August 2015
\nAll the members of the House are LDP members unless otherwise specified<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
INOGUCHI, Kuniko<\/th>\nMember, the House of Councilors
\nFormer Minister of State for Measures for Declining Birthrate and Gender Equality<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ONODERA, Itsunori<\/th>\nMember, the House of Representatives
\nFormer Minister of Defense<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
KABASHIMA, Ikuo<\/th>\nThe governor of Kumamoto Prefecture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
KONO, Yohei<\/th>\nFormer Speaker of the House of Representatives
\nFormer President of the LDP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
KOMURA, Masahiko<\/th>\nMember, the House of Representatives
\nthe Vice-President of the LDP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
KOGA, Makoto<\/th>\nFormer Minister of Transport
\nFormer secretary general of the LDP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SHIRAKWA, Katsuhiko<\/th>\nFormer Minister of Home Affairs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SEKO, Hiroshige<\/th>\nMember, the House of Councilors
\nDeputy Chief Cabinet Secretary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TAKEI, Shunsuke<\/th>\nMember, the House of Representatives<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TANAKA, Shusei<\/th>\nFormer chief of the Economic planning Agency (New Party Sakigake)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NUKAGA, Fukushiro<\/th>\nMember, the House of Representatives
\nFormer Minister of Finance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NODA, Seiko<\/th>\nMember, the House of Representatives
\nFormer Chairperson of the LDP General Council<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NONAKA Hiromu<\/th>\nFormer Chief Cabinet Secretary
\nFormer Secretary General of the LDP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HAYASHI, Yoshimasa<\/th>\nMember, the House of Councilors
\nMinister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HIRANUMA, Takeo<\/th>\nMember, the House of Representatives
\nChairperson of the Party for Future Generations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FUKUDA, Yasuo<\/th>\nThe 91st Prime Minister of Japan
\nFormer President of the LDP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FURUKAWA, Teijiro<\/th>\nFormer Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
MURAYAMA,Tomiichi<\/th>\nThe 81st Prime Minister of Japan
\nHonorary chairperson of the Social Democratic Party<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
MORITA, Hajime<\/th>\nFormer Minister of Transport<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
YAMASAKI, Shiro<\/th>\nCommissioner, Secretariat of the Headquarters for Overcoming Population Decline and Vitalizing Local Economy in Japan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Authors<\/h2>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n
(Project Leader, Introduction and Overview)<\/strong>
\nNAKANO, Koichi
\nProfessor of Political Science, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Sophia University.<\/p>\n
Profile<\/a><\/div>\n
Prof. Nakano specializes in the comparative politics of advanced industrial democracies, particularly Japan and Europe, and in political theory. He has a B.A. in philosophy from the University of Tokyo, a second B.A. in philosophy and politics from the University of Oxford, and an M.A. and a Ph.D. in politics from Princeton University. His research has focused on a variety of issues of contemporary Japanese politics from comparative, historical, and philosophical perspectives, including neoliberal globalization and nationalism; the Yasukuni issue; amakudari and administrative reform in Japan; decentralization; the cross-national transfer of policy ideas; and the changing nature of conservatism in postwar Japan. In English, he has published articles in The Journal of Japanese Studies, Asian Survey, The Pacific Review, West European Politics, Governance, and a single-authored book entitled Party Politics and Decentralization in Japan and France: When the Opposition Governs (Routledge, 2010) among others. In Japanese, his publication includes Sengo Nihon no Kokka Hoshushugi: Naimu\/Jichi Kanryo no Kiseki (Postwar State Conservatism in Japan: A Study of the Bureaucrats of the Ministry of Home Affairs) (Iwanami Shoten, 2013), and Ukeikasuru Nihon Seiji (Rightward Shift of Japanese Politics) (Iwanami Shinsho, 2015).<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n
(Chapter 1)<\/strong>
\nMURAI, Tetsuya
\nPart-time Lecturer, the School of Law, Meiji University<\/p>\n
Profile<\/a><\/div>\n
Dr. Tetsuya Murai specializes in post-World War II political history in Japan, in particular the prime minister system and bureaucracy system. His main writings include \u201cThe Origin of the Political System in Postwar Japan: Shigeru Yoshida and the Prime Minister Initiative.\u201d<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n
(Chapter 2)<\/strong>
\nNAKAKITA, Koji
\nProfessor of Politics, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University<\/p>\n
Profile<\/a><\/div>\n
Koji Nakakita received his Ph.D. from the University of Tokyo in 1997. Before joining the Hitotsubashi faculty in 2011 he was a member of the department of politics at Rikkyo University for ten years. Professor Nakakita is a specialist of the politics and history of contemporary Japan and the author of the following books: The Politics of Economic Reconstruction in Postwar Japan (1998), The Establishment of the 1955 System in Japanese Politics (2002), Japanese Labor Politics in the Context of International History (2008), Party Democracy in Contemporary Japan (2012), The transformation of Japan\u2019s LDP (2014)\u3000all written in Japanese.<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n
(Chapter 3)<\/strong>
\nUCHIYAMA, Yu
\nProfessor of Political Science, Department of Advanced Social and International Studies, the University of Tokyo<\/p>\n
Profile<\/a><\/div>\n
Prof. Uchiyama specializes in Japanese politics and comparative politics of advanced democracies. Formerly he was an associate professor at Tokyo Metropolitan University, a visiting scholar at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and a visiting academic at School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. Prior to entering the academic world, he worked at then Ministry of International Trade and Industry (currently Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry). He obtained his Ph.D. from the University of Tokyo. His single-authored books include Koizumi and Japanese Politics: Reform Strategies and Leadership Style (Routledge, 2010), Koizumi Seiken (The Koizumi Administration)(Chuo Koron Shinsha, 2007), and Gendai Nihon no Kokka to Shijo (Changing State-Market Relations in Japan)(the University of Tokyo Press, 1998). He has been leading a research project on the roles of expertise in politics, and co-edited a book titled Senmonsei no Seijigaku (The Politics of Expertise)(Minerva Shobo, 2012). Other books he coauthored include: Decoding Boundaries in Contemporary Japan: The Koizumi Administration and Beyond (Routledge, 2011); The Future of the Multilateral Trading System: East Asian Perspectives (Cameron May, 2009); and Germany and Japan after 1989: Reform Pressures and Political System Dynamics (Institute of Social Science, University of Tokyo, 2009).<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n
(Chapter 4)<\/strong>
\nLIND, Jennifer
\nAssociate Professor of Government, Dartmouth College
\nFaculty Affiliate at the Reischauer Institute for Japanese Studies, Harvard University<\/p>\n
Profile<\/a><\/div>\n
\n

Prof. Lind\u2019s research focuses on the international security relations of East Asia. She has a B.A. from the University of California, Berkeley, an M.P.I.A. from the School of Global Policy & Strategy at the University of California, San Diego, and a Ph.D. In political science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.<\/p>\n

Prof. Lind’s research has engaged several key questions in East Asian international relations, including the future of Japanese security policy, the security implications of democratization, and the stability of the Korean peninsula. Her first book, on memory and international reconciliation, was Sorry States: Apologies in International Politics (Cornell University Press, 2008). Prof. Lind has published her research in scholarly journals such as International Security and International Studies Quarterly. She has also written widely on these topics in the popular press, such as in Foreign Affairs, The Wall Street Journal, and The New York Times, and has been quoted extensively in the Japanese and global media. Prof. Lind’s most recent book project examines the economic and military obstacles that countries must overcome to become a great power.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n
(Chapter 5)<\/strong>
\nOSAKA, Iwao
\nPart-time Lecturer, College of Law and Politics Rikkyo University<\/p>\n
Profile<\/a><\/div>\n
Osaka graduated from the Graduate School of Law and Politics in the University of Tokyo, where he had also formerly worked as an assistant for the university. He specializes in modern Japanese politics and political communication.\u3000His publications include \u201cJapanese Politics and Media\u201d, \u201cPolitical Science\u201d, and \u201cTelepolitics\u201d, amongst other works.<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n
(Chapter 6)<\/strong>
\nMIYAGI, Taiz\u014d
\nProfessor, Faculty of Global Studies, Sophia University.<\/p>\n
Profile<\/a><\/div>\n
Born in 1968. Was a journalist with NHK after earning a degree in law from Rikky\u014d University. Went on to graduate school at Hitotsubashi University. Was an associate\u3000professor at the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies before taking his present position. Works include \u201cKaiy\u014d kokka\u201d Nihon no sengoshi (Japan\u2019s Postwar History as a Maritime State) and Sengo Ajia chitsujo no mosaku to Nihon: \u201cUmi no Ajia\u201d no sengoshi 1957\u20131966 (Japan and Southeast Asia in the Quest for Order: The Cold War, Decolonization, and Development, 1957-1966).<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n
(Chapter 7)<\/strong>
\nSUGINOHARA, Masako
\nAssociate Professor, Faculty of Global and Inter-cultural Studies, Ferris University<\/p>\n
Profile<\/a><\/div>\n
Masako Suginohara studied political science and international relations at the University of Tokyo (B.A. and M.A.) and Columbia University (Ph.D.). Her research interest is in political constraints on economic policies in a globalizing world. Her recent publications include \u201cThe Future of Political Clientelism in Europe and Japan,\u201d in Nuove strategie per lo sviluppo democratico e l\u2019integrazione politica in Europa (2014), \u201cInternational Network of Policy Experts and US-Japan Financial Negotiations\u201d in Politics of Expertise, (Minerva, 2012, in Japanese), and \u201cThe Politics of Economic Nationalism in Japan: Backlash against Inward Foreign Direct Investment?\u201d Asian Survey, Vol. 48, No.5 (2008).<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n
Editor<\/strong>
\nOHNOKI, Yoshinori<\/p>\n
Profile<\/a><\/div>\n
Born in 1950, he began his career at The Asahi Shimbun in April 1974. As a journalist, he was mainly involved in reporting financial policies and economic activities and advanced through a series of editorial posts, including Deputy Editor of the Economic News Dept., Editor of the online news site \u201casahi.com,\u201d and Editor of the paper\u2019s weekend supplement \u201cbe.\u201d
\nHe was a member of the Editorial Board from 2006, and Director of the Editorial Board from 2010 to 2012.<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n
Program Director<\/strong>
\nFUNABASHI, Yoichi
\nChairman of the RJIF
\nFormer Editor-in-Chief , The Asahi Shimbun
\nDistinguished Guest Professor, Keio University<\/p>\n
Profile<\/a><\/div>\n
\n

Yoichi Funabashi is Chairman of the Rebuild Japan Initiative Foundation and a former Editor-in-Chief for the Asahi Shimbun. He is a contributing editor of Foreign Policy (Washington, DC).<\/p>\n

He served as correspondent for the Asahi Shimbun in Beijing (1980-81) and Washington (1984-87), and as American General Bureau Chief (1993-97). In 1985 he received the Vaughn-Ueda Prize for his reporting on international affairs. He won the Japan Press Award, known as Japan\u2019s \u201cPulitzer Prize\u201d, in 1994 for his columns on foreign policy, and his articles in Foreign Affairs and Foreign Policy won the Ishibashi Tanzan Prize in 1992.<\/p>\n

His books in English include The Peninsula Question (Brookings Institute, 2007); Reconciliation in the Asia-Pacific, ed. (USIP, 2003,); Alliance Tomorrow, ed. (Tokyo Foundation, 2001); Alliance Adrift (Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1998, winner of the Shincho Arts and Sciences Award); Asia-Pacific Fusion: Japan\u2019s Role in APEC (Institute for International Economics, 1995, winner of the Mainichi Shimbun Asia Pacific Grand Prix Award); and Managing the Dollar: From the Plaza to the Louvre (1988 winner of the Yoshino Sakuzo Prize).<\/p>\n

His recent articles and papers in English include: \u201cFukushima in review: a complex disaster, a disastrous response\u201d(Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, March\/April 2012); \u201cLessons from Japan\u2019s nuclear accident\u201d (East Asia Forum, 26 March 2012); \u201cThe end of Japanese illusions\u201d(New York Times, 11 March 2012); \u201cMy findings in Japan\u2019s existential fallout\u201d (Financial Times, 9 March 2012); \u201cChallenges for Rising Asia and Japan\u2019s Role\u201d (Yale Global Online, September 2010); \u201cForget Bretton Woods II: the Role for U.S.-China-Japan Trilateralism\u201d (Washington Quarterly, April 2009); \u201cNo One Model for Global Economy\u201d (Yale Global Online, March 2009); \u201cKeeping Up With Asia\u201d (Foreign Affairs, September\/October 2008); \u201cPower of Ideas: The US is Losing its Edge\u201d (Global Asia, Fall 2007); \u201cStuck on the Sidelines\u201d, (Newsweek International, 5 March 2007); \u201cKoizumi landslide: the China factor\u201d (Yale Global Online, 15 September 2005); \u201cThe world should also have a vote\u201d(International Herald Tribune, 25 March 2004); \u201cKoizumi opens a Pandora\u2019s box\u201d(Financial Times, 7 January 2004); \u201cChina is preparing a \u2018peaceful ascendancy\u2019 \u201d (International Herald Tribune, 30 December 2003); \u201cLearning from five years of trialogue\u201d (China-Japan-US: Meeting New Challenges, 2002); \u201cNortheast Asia\u2019s strategic dilemmas\u201d (Assessing the Threats, 2002); \u201cAsia\u2019s digital challenge\u201d(Survival, Spring 2002); \u201cJapan\u2019s unfinished success story\u201d (Japan Quarterly 2001); \u201cJapan\u2019s moment of truth\u201d (Survival, Winter 2000-01); \u201cInternational perspectives on national missile defense: Tokyo\u2019s temperance\u201d (The Washington Quarterly, Summer 2000); \u201cTokyo\u2019s depression diplomacy\u201d (Foreign Affairs, November \/ December 1998); \u201cThinking trilaterally\u201d (China-Japan-US: Managing the Trilateral Relationship, 1998); and \u201cBridging Asia\u2019s economics-security gap\u201d (Survival, Winter 1996-97).<\/p>\n

He received his B.A. from the University of Tokyo in 1968 and his Ph.D. from Keio University in 1992. He was a Nieman Fellow at Harvard University (1975-76), a visiting Fellow at the Institute for International Economics (1987), a Donald Keene Fellow at Columbia University (2003), and a visiting professor at the University of Tokyo Public Policy Institute (2005-2006).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n
Staff Director<\/strong>
\nTAWARA, Kentaro
\nSequedge Group
\nFormer RJIF Chief Administrative Officer\/Fellow\uff08-Sep.2015\uff09<\/p>\n
Profile<\/a><\/div>\n
Joined Nippon Credit Bank in April 1988 where he was in charge of corporate finance and debt restructuring projects such as Euro Disney at its head office and London branch. After his next career at Daiwa Securities SMBC from February 2001 as corporate turnaround advisor, he participated in the management of Sequedge Group in November 2002. Since then he has been managing a variety of businesses in which the Group invested, such as a nursing home operator, a hospital turnaround consulting firm and an Italian luxury fashion brand. B.A. in Engineering at University of Tokyo (1988) and M.Phil. in Land Economy at University of Cambridge (1993).<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Project Overview In October 2014, RJIF launched the \u201cHistorical Review of Moderate Conservatism in Japan\u201d as the latest iteration of its \u201cCritical Review of the DPJ Government\u201d project. The Review is timely. November 2015 marked the 60th anniversary of the establishment of Japan\u2019s Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). \u201cModerate Conservatism\u201d, that characterized the LDP after World …<\/p>\n

Historical Review of Moderate Conservatism in Japan<\/span> Read More »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":25207,"parent":23911,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template\/page-project.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-24014","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apinitiative.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24014","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apinitiative.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apinitiative.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apinitiative.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apinitiative.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24014"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/apinitiative.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24014\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25285,"href":"https:\/\/apinitiative.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24014\/revisions\/25285"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apinitiative.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23911"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apinitiative.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apinitiative.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24014"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}